CSF biomarkers proposed in Alzheimer´s disease coincide with those found in a rat model of arterial hypertension

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid is a system linked to the brain and its composition can be altered not only by encephalic disorder such as Alzheimer´s disease (AD) but also by systemic diseases such as arterial hypertension. High blood pressure (HBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) induces alterations in choroid plexus (CP) protein secretion and disruption of the blood-to-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) leading to changes in cerebrospinal fluid protein composition. Reduced CSF levels of the 42 amino acid form of amyloidbeta and increased CSF levels of total tau in AD have been found in numerous studies as AD biomarkers. In other hand, it has been described other biomarkers that are associated with transport through brain barriers and choroid plexus secretion. Thus, several authors have described that: transthyretin, apolipoprotein E, transferrin, α-2-HSglycoprotein, α-1β- lycoprotein and kininogen are decrease in both AD and HBP compared their controls; α-1-antitrypsin, heavy chain of immunoglobulin G, albumin, vitamin D binding protein and haptoglobin are increased in both AD and HBP ompared with their controls. Only apolipoprotein A1 have been described increased in HBP and decreased in AD ompared with control. These CSF protein changes could be due to alteration in the BCSFB and in CP described for both AD and HBP pathologies.