Neurotoxicidad inducida por deltametrín sobre el metabolismo aminoacidérgico

Abstract

Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides used in a variety of applications. Deltamethrin is a broad-spectrum Type II pyrethroid insecticide, largely used in agriculture and as a vector control in public and animal health, added even in household spray formulations. Most pyrethroids exist as at least two isomers, unlike deltamethrin is marketed as a single isomer (cis). The nervous system is its main target, mainly dueto its effect on voltage sensitive sodium channels, as well as on calcium channels and toits interaction with the GABA receptor-ionophore complex. Although it was initially considered to have a low toxicity in mammals, several reports demonstrated deltamethrin induces neurotoxicity in rodents and other animals, causing in rats the CS Syndrome, characterized by salivation, ataxia, hyperexcitation, convulsions, and paralysis. There is limited information about the effects of deltamethrin on the levels of amino acid neurotransmitters and catecholamines in the central nervous system (CNS).The objective of the present study is to obtain new information on the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of Type II pyrethroids as deltamethrin, studying in the CNS of rats: i) its effects on the concentrations of the amino acid neurotransmitters aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, taurine and GABA, and ii) its effects on the levels of the monoaminesnoradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonine (5-HT), and on the metabolites of the two last ones (DOPAC, HVA and 5-HIAA). The brain regions studied were pituitary gland, hypothalamus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, frontal cortex,hippocampus, striatum and midbrain...