Expertos, políticos y ciudadanía en la construcción del conocimiento tecnocientífico. Algunas interacciones que ayudan a comprender las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad.

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to analyze, basically, the connections that are established among the techscientific experts, as a specialized scientific community, and the citizenship taken as the public, as a bearer agency of knowledge of utility and as a body that helps to the financing of the scientific investigation. We started the analysis by enhancing the principal characteristics of the relationship between science and society during the last part of the XX century and the beginnings of the XXI, focusing on the represented roles by the public and by the professional experts facing the construction of the scientific products and underlining some criteria that can define the current scientific community and their frontiers. Next, we analyzed the current conceptions which explain the way the scientific knowledge is constructed and finally we focused on the adaptation criteria when taking into account a new theoretical proposal: the deliberative – pluralist government that leads to the understanding of new relationships among experts, politicians and citizens, and that must be understood as an updated version of the scientific politics, conceiving this as one of the most appropriated tools to guide the scientific and technological investigation. The proposal of the deliberative – pluralist government acknowledges the relevance of the citizenship participation in the construction of the knowledge and it considers the inclusion of a fair and democratic judgment in the decisions making, guided by the idea of reaching a better social welfare.