Gender diversity, corporate governance and firm behaviorThe challenge of emotional management

  1. Almudena Barrientos Báez 1
  2. Alberto Javier Báez-García 1
  3. Francisco Flores-Muñoz 1
  4. Josué Gutiérrez-Barroso 1
  1. 1 Universidad de La Laguna
    info

    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

Revista:
European Research on Management and Business Economics

ISSN: 2444-8834

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 24

Número: 3

Páginas: 121-129

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.IEDEEN.2018.07.001 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: European Research on Management and Business Economics

Resumen

This work aims to explore the status of gender diversity in corporate governance and its implications to corporate performance and emotional intelligence. With this purpose, the role of women in leading modern corporations and the pending gaps in equality were analyzed. Tourist corporations composed the sample of firms, due to its growing economic impact in a post-global financial crisis scenario. The study sample is comprised by the 118 companies listed at the STOXX® Global 3000 Travel & Leisure. Financial and corporate governance data provided by Reuters.com, were used for the period ending 2017. Additional data on corporate governance of each entity were gathered from official corporate website of each firm. We designed ad hoc indicators for gender diversity, along with differences in salary and seniority. Special attention was paid to the specific position held by women in each board, and its relationship to emotional intelligence, as a first step to a full research agenda. The results suggested very relevant gap in the three analyzed dimensions: presence, salary and seniority. Women tend to be focused only on several corporate tasks like those related to marketing and human resources management. This bias, which in a first view can be considered an additional manifestation of gender gap, is at the same time an opportunity to link modern corporations to a new style of management in which approaches like emotional intelligence could play a most prominent role. This research contributes in two different ways: (1) it demonstrate the enormous gap still existing between men and women at the top of tourist organizations worldwide and (2) it suggests several research pathways given the type of gender gap detected.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist,52(2),130–139.
  • Band, J., & Gerafi, J. (2013).Wikipedia’s economic value.
  • Baron, R. A., & Markman, G. D. (2003). Beyond social capital: The role of entrepreneurs’ social competence in their financial success. Journal of Business Venturing,18(1), 41–60.
  • Bastida, M. (2018). Yes, they can do it! Exploring female expatriates’ effectiveness. European Research on Management and Business Economics,24(2), 114–120.
  • Bear, S., Rahman, N., & Post, C. (2010). The impact of board diversity and gender composition on corporate social responsibility and firm reputation. Journal ofBusiness Ethics,97(2), 207–221.
  • Bonsón Ponte, E., & Escobar Rodríguez, T. (2002). A survey on voluntary disclosure on the internet: Empirical evidence from 300 European Union companies.International Journal of Digital Accounting Research,2(1), 27–51.
  • Bonsón, E., & Flores, F. (2011). Social media and corporate dialogue: The response of global financial institutions. Online Information Review,35(1), 34–49.
  • Boulouta, I. (2013). Hidden connections: The link between board gender diversity and corporate social performance. Journal of Business Ethics,113(2),185–197.
  • Cabello, R., Sorrel, M. A., Fernández-Pinto, I., Extremera, N., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2016). Age and gender differences in ability emotional intelligence in adults: Across-sectional study. Developmental Psychology, 52(9), 1486–1492.
  • Carter, D. A., Simkins, B. J., & Simpson, W. G. (2003). Corporate governance, board diversity, and firm value. Financial Review,38(1), 33–53.Catalyst. https://goo.gl/cbRdmW, 2011, February. Accessed February 2018
  • Clarke, T. (2004). Cycles of crisis and regulation: The enduring agency and steward-ship problems of corporate governance. Corporate Governance: An International Review,12(2), 153–161.
  • Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. (2003). Leadership at the top: The need for emotional intelligence in organizations. International Journal of Organizational Analysis,11(3),193–210.
  • Erhardt, N. L., Werbel, J. D., & Shrader, C. B. (2003). Board of director diversity and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance: AnInternational Review,11(2),102–111.
  • Francoeur, C., Labelle, R., & Sinclair-Desgagne, B. (2008). Gender diversity in corporate governance and top management. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 83–95.
  • Grant, G. H. (2003). The evolution of corporate governance and its impact on modern corporate America. Management Decision, 41(9), 923–934.
  • Goleman, D. (1995).Emotional Intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.
  • Kakabadse, N. K., Figueira, C., Nicolopoulou, K., Hong Yang, J., Kakabadse, A. P.,& Özbilgin, M. F. (2015). Gender diversity and board performance: Women’s experiences and perspectives. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 265–281.
  • Larkin, M. B., Bernardi, R. A., & Bosco, S. M. (2012). Board gender diversity, corporate reputation and market performance. International Journal of Banking and Finance,9(1), 1.
  • Magoshi, E., & Chang, E. (2009). Diversity management and the effects on employees’organizational commitment: Evidence from Japan and Korea. Journal of World Business, 44(1), 31–40.
  • Mayer, J. D., Caruso, D. R., & Salovey, P. (1999). Emotional intelligence meets standards for traditional intelligence. Intelligence, 27(4), 267–298.
  • Mayer, J. D., & Geher, G. (1996). Emotional intelligence and the identification of emotion. Intelligence, 22(2), 89–113.
  • Mandell, B., & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style: A gender comparison. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(3), 387–404.
  • Mohanty, A., & Das, G. P. (2017). An interaction effect of emotional intelligence & gender on student’s adaptation to college environment. Executive Editor, 8(2),258–262.
  • Muñoz-Bullón, F. (2009). The gap between male and female pay in the Spanish tourism industry. Tourism Management, 30(5), 638–649.
  • Opstrup, N., & Villadsen, A. R. (2015). The right mix? Gender diversity in top management teams and financial performance. Public Administration Review, 75(2),291–301.
  • Palmer, B., Walls, M., Burgess, Z., & Stough, C. (2001). Emotional intelligence and effective leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 22(1), 5–10.
  • Pletzer, J. L., Nikolova, R., Kedzior, K. K., & Voelpel, S. C. (2015). Does gender matter? Female representation on corporate boards and firm financial performance-a meta- analysis. PLoS ONE,10(6), e0130005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130005
  • Rekker, S. A., Benson, K. L., & Faff, R. W. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and CEO compensation revisited: Do disaggregation, market stress, gender matter? Journal of Economics and Business,72, 84–103.
  • Rezvani, A., Chang, A., Wiewiora, A., Ashkanasy, N. M., Jordan, P. J., & Zolin, R.(2016). Manager emotional intelligence and project success: The mediating role of job satisfaction and trust. International Journal of Project Management, 34(7),1112–1122.
  • Skalpe, O. (2007). The CEO gender pay gap in the tourism industry-evidence from Norway. Tourism Management, 28(3), 845–853.
  • Shawtari, F. A., Salem, M.A., Hussain, H. I., Alaeddin, O., & Thabit, O. B. (2016).Corporate governance characteristics and valuation: Inferences from quantile regression. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 21(41),81–88.
  • Srivastava, R. K., McInish, T. H., Wood, R. A., & Capraro, A. J. (1997). Part IV: How do reputations affect corporate performance? The value of corporate reputation: Evidence from the equity markets. Corporate Reputation Review,1(1), 61– A.B. Báez et al. / European Research on Management and Business Economics 24 (2018) 121–129129
  • Tejedo-Romero, F., Rodrigues, L. L., & Craig, R. (2017). Women directors and disclosure of intellectual capital information. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 23(3), 123–131