Ideación suicida y depresión en pacientes VIH+: Estudio transversal sobre prevalencia y factores de riesgo

Abstract

Introduction. Suicidal risk factors are crucial on its prevention, unless its relation with depression is a fact, others remain controversial. The aim of this study is to assess prevalence of suicidal ideation and depression in this population and to identify possible associated risk factors. Methodology. A cross-sectional epidemiologic study randomized sampling was conducted in HIV+ patients attending Infectious Diseases Section of Hospital Universitario de Canarias. Sociodemographical, clinical, psychological and analytical data were collected. Plutchik Suicide Risk and Calgary Depression Scales (CDS) were used in psychological assessment Results. Suicidal ideation and depression prevalence amount to 20.8% and 23.2% respectively, in our environment. Consumption of toxic substances, an advanced CDC status, impaired functionality, residing at rural area, and having a personal history of psychiatric and suicidal risk records (background) were identified as potential risk factors for depression and suicidal risk onset. Having an old diagnosis (> 2 years), some grade of lipodystrophy and coinfection with HCV was correlated with the onset of depression. While the presence of a family history of suicidal behavior and being unemployed was associated with an increased risk of suicide. Conclusions. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and depression in HIV+ patients in our environment is high. The identification of the factors associated with its onset is a key feature for its early clinical management.