Variaciones de los plexos coroideos y las barreras cerebrales en la hipertensión arterial y el envejecimiento

  1. Gonzalez-Marrero, I.
  2. Castañeyra-Perdomo, A.
  3. Hernández-Abad, L.G. 1
  4. Carmona-Calero, E.M.
  5. Castañeyra-Ruiz, L.
  1. 1 Universidad de La Laguna
    info

    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

Revista:
Neurología

ISSN: 0213-4853

Año de publicación: 2018

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.NRL.2018.06.001 PMID: 30060976 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Neurología

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Introduction: The choroid plexuses, blood vessels, and brain barriers are closely related both in terms of morphology and function. Hypertension causes changes in cerebral blood flow and in small vessels and capillaries of the brain. This review studies the effects of high blood pressure (HBP) on the choroid plexuses and brain barriers.Development: The choroid plexuses (ChP) are structures located in the cerebral ventricles, and are highly conserved both phylogenetically and ontogenetically. The ChPs develop during embryogenesis, forming a functional barrier during the first weeks of gestation. They are composed of highly vascularised epithelial tissue covered by microvilli, and their main function is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production. The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB). While the BBB is formed by endothelial cells of the microvasculature of the CNS, the BCSFB is formed by epithelial cells of the choroid plexuses. Chronic hypertension induces vascular remodelling. This prevents hyperperfusion at HBPs, but increases the risk of ischaemia at low blood pressures. In normotensive individuals, in contrast, cerebral circulation is self-regulated, blood flow remains constant, and the integrity of the BBB is preserved.Conclusions: HBP induces changes in the choroid plexuses that affect the stroma, blood vessels, and CSF production. HBP also exacerbates age-related ChP dysfunction and causes alterations in the brain barriers, which are more marked in the BCSFB than in the BBB. Brain barrier damage may be determined by quantifying blood S-100β and TTRm levels.

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