Controversias en la promoción de la donación de órganos para trasplante entre los adolescentes

Abstract

In our days, the main limiting factor of transplanting activity is none other than obtaining valid organs, and within this, the refusal to donate organs by relatives of potential donors. For all this, it is necessary to analyze the real impact of some of the actions that are classically used to try to promote a change in the attitude towards organ donation in the population. Work hypothesis. Hypothesis 1. Usefulness of a survey. The use of a survey to know the attitude towards organ donation in adolescents has a significant effect on this attitude and that effect is maintained over time. Hypothesis 2. Usefulness of a specific campaign. The realization of a specific campaign to promote organ donation on adolescents has a significant effect on the attitude towards organ donation and this effect is maintained over time. Objective Analysis Objectives to test hypothesis 1. 1. Determine the change in attitude towards organ donation after the application of an opinion questionnaire. 2. Determine if the change in attitude towards organ donation observed after the use of the questionnaire is maintained 6 months after its application. 3. Determine if there are psycho-social variables that influence the change of attitude of adolescents when applying the opinion questionnaire. Objectives to test hypothesis 2. 1. Determine the change in attitude towards organ donation after the development of a campaign to promote organ donation among adolescents. 2. Determine if the change in the attitude towards organ donation observed after the development of a campaign to promote the donation is maintained 6 months after the campaign has been developed. 3. Determine if there are psycho-social variables that influence the change of attitude of adolescents after having participated in the campaign to promote donation. To test both hypotheses, a longitudinal study was designed in which repeated measurements of the attitude towards organ donation in adolescents under study are made and compared. CONCLUSIONS: Usefulness of a survey as a tool for the promotion of organ donation. 1.- The realization of an opinion survey towards donation and transplantation does not have a positive effect on the attitude towards the donation of adolescents, neither in the medium nor in the long term. 2.- In the long term, the conduct of an opinion survey towards donation and transplantation can lead to a decrease in adolescents who are in favor of organ donation and an increase in those who stand against and are undecided. 3.- The adolescent's socio-family environment does not influence the attitude towards the donation of the same after conducting the opinion survey towards donation and organ transplantation. Usefulness of a specific campaign to promote donation as a tool to promote organ donation in adolescents. 1.- The specific campaigns of promotion of the donation in the adolescents generates a positive impact towards the donation and transplantation of doubtful real utility. 2.- The use of a specific campaign for the promotion of donation generates changes in attitude among adolescents who were initially in favor of donation for transplantation. 3.- There are no clear socio-family factors that determine the usefulness of a specific campaign to promote