Determining factors of consumers’ choice of sport utility vehicles in an isolated energy system : how can we contribute to the decarbonization of the economy?

  1. Ramírez-Díaz, Alfredo J.
  2. Ramos-Real, Francisco J.
  3. Rodríguez-Brito, María Gracia
  4. Rodríguez-Donate, María Carolina
  5. Lorente de las Casas, Andrés
  1. 1 Universidad de La Laguna
    info

    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

Aldizkaria:
Energies

ISSN: 1996-1073

Argitalpen urtea: 2022

Alea: 15

Zenbakia: 17

Orrialdeak: 6454

Mota: Artikulua

DOI: 10.3390/EN15176454 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openSarbide irekia editor

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Energies

Laburpena

This paper analyses the profile of individuals who decide to purchase a Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) in a medium-sized isolated island system such as Tenerife Island. To achieve this objective, we used a survey conducted in 2017 to identify the characteristics of the individuals most likely to choose an SUV or another type of vehicle or be undecided. Subsequently, a discrete choice model was estimated to assess the probability that an individual chooses one of the three options as a function of their socio-economic characteristics, mobility routines, vehicle attributes and psychosocial traits. The results show the need to adopt energy policy measures related to vehicle choice, as they put the fulfilment of the decarbonization objectives for the energy transition in the Canary Islands at risk. Firstly, the authorities should carry out campaigns to achieve a more environmentally conscious behaviour by highlighting the higher consumption and emission levels of this type of vehicle. Secondly, subsidies for more efficient new vehicles and taxation should promote the purchase of low-emission vehicles to compensate for the greater willingness to pay of SUV buyers. In particular, purchase taxation should be linked to emission levels rather than only considering power, engine characteristics or labelling

Erreferentzia bibliografikoak

  • (2021), Proceedings of the COP26
  • 10.4324/9789276082569-2
  • (2019), pp. 47
  • (2020), Volume 25
  • (2021)
  • Turistas Según Lugares de Residencia. Comunidades Autónomas de Destino Principal Por Meses https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/statistical-visualizer/visualizer/data.html?resourceType=dataset&agencyId=ISTAC&resourceId=E16028B_000001&version=1.7#visualization/table
  • (2021)
  • 10.1016/j.rser.2010.06.007
  • 10.3390/su71115152
  • (2021)
  • Cozzi, (2021)
  • Growing Preference for SUVs Challenges Emissions Reductions in Passenger Car Market—Analysis—IEA https://www.iea.org/commentaries/growing-preference-for-suvs-challenges-emissions-reductions-in-passenger-car-market
  • 10.1002/j.1538-165X.2006.tb00576.x
  • 10.1093/envhis/11.4.684
  • Gabler, (1998), SAE Trans., 107, pp. 1444
  • Carbon Emissions Fell across All Sectors in 2020 except for One—SUVs—Analysis—IEA https://www.iea.org/commentaries/carbon-emissions-fell-across-all-sectors-in-2020-except-for-one-suvs
  • 10.1016/j.aap.2007.11.001
  • 10.1016/j.aap.2004.08.002
  • 10.1007/s00508-017-1219-6
  • 10.1111/rmir.12163
  • 10.1155/2018/8502507
  • 10.1007/s10098-020-01872-5
  • Ramírez-Díaz, (2021), Proceedings of the International Association of Energy Economics Conference, Concurrent Session Mobility and CO2, pp. 20
  • 10.1007/s11367-017-1315-x
  • Bieker, (2021)
  • (2021), pp. 41
  • Global SUV Sales Set Another Record in 2021, Setting Back Efforts to Reduce Emissions—Analysis—IEA https://www.iea.org/commentaries/global-suv-sales-set-another-record-in-2021-setting-back-efforts-to-reduce-emissions
  • (2020)
  • Matriculaciones Turismos y Todoterreno https://www.faconauto.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Informe-Turismos-Diciembre-2021-1.pdf
  • (2021)
  • Chijeb, (2022), Diario de Avisos
  • Gunster, (2004), Ethics Environ., 9, pp. 4
  • 10.1080/09644010500418688
  • 10.1016/j.foodqual.2008.03.004
  • 10.1016/j.tra.2017.04.014
  • 10.3390/app10196918
  • 10.1016/j.iatssr.2021.02.003
  • 10.1126/science.aaf8317
  • 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.04.017
  • 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101840
  • 10.1016/j.tra.2014.09.002
  • 10.1016/j.rser.2018.09.014
  • 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2011.02.002
  • 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.01.043
  • 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.135
  • 10.3390/su10062053
  • 10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.006
  • 10.1007/BF00411854
  • Rohrmann, (2005)
  • 10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271
  • Ham, (2016), Ekon. Vjesn., 1, pp. 159
  • Train, (2009), Volume 9780521766
  • Greene, (2009), Volume 2, pp. 473
  • 10.3390/app11083679
  • 10.1016/j.retrec.2018.10.006
  • 10.1007/s00202-021-01255-z
  • 10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.035
  • Domencich, (1975)
  • María Carolina, (2007), Estad. Esp., 49, pp. 451
  • McFadden, (1977)
  • (2019)
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Glasgow Climate Pact. In Proceedings of the COP26, Glasgow, UK, 31 October–13 November 2021. [Google Scholar]
  • Delbeke, J.; Runge-Metzger, A.; Slingenberg, Y.; Werksman, J. The Paris Agreement. In Towards a Climate-Neutral Europe: Curbing Trend; Routledge: Abingdon-on-Thames, UK, 2019; pp. 24–45. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • European Commission. The European Green Deal; European Commission: Brussels, Belgium, 2019; pp. 47–65. [Google Scholar] MITECO. Plan Nacional Integrado de Energía y Clima 2021; Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico: Madrid, Spain, 2020; Volume 25. [Google Scholar]
  • Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Contabilidad Regional de España (Serie 2000–2020); Instituto Nacional de Estadística: Barcelona, Spain, 2021. [Google Scholar]
  • Instituto Canario de Estadística (ISTAC). Turistas Según Lugares de Residencia. Comunidades Autónomas de Destino Principal Por Meses. Available online: https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/statistical-visualizer/visualizer/data.html?resourceType=dataset&agencyId=ISTAC&resourceId=E16028B_000001&version=1.7#visualization/table (accessed on 2 September 2022).
  • Gobierno de Canarias. Anuario Energético de Canarias 2020; Gobierno de Canarias: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain, 2021. [Google Scholar] Marrero, G.A.; Ramos-Real, F.J. Electricity Generation Cost in Isolated System: The Complementarities of Natural Gas and Renewables in the Canary Islands. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2010, 14, 2808–2818. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Díaz, A.R.; Ramos-Real, F.J.; Marrero, G.A.; Perez, Y. Impact of Electric Vehicles as Distributed Energy Storage in Isolated Systems: The Case of Tenerife. Sustainability 2015, 7, 15152–15178. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Gobierno de Canarias. Preeliminary PTECan; Gobierno de Canarias: Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain, 2021. [Google Scholar]
  • Cozzi, L.; Gould, T. World Energy Outlook 2021; International Energy Agency: Paris, France, 2021; 386p. [Google Scholar]
  • Cozzi, L.; Petropoulos, A. Growing Preference for SUVs Challenges Emissions Reductions in Passenger Car Market—Analysis—IEA. Available online: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/growing-preference-for-suvs-challenges-emissions-reductions-in-passenger-car-market (accessed on 9 May 2022).
  • Pralle, S. “I am Changing the Climate, Ask Me How!”: The Politics of the Anti-SUV Campaign. Polit. Sci. Q. 2006, 121, 397–423. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Rollins, W. Reflections on a Spare Tire: Suvs and Postmodern Environmental Consciousness. Environ. Hist. 2006, 11, 684–723. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Gabler, H.C.; Hollowell, W.T. The Aggressivity of Light Trucks and Vans in Traffic Crashes. SAE Trans. 1998, 107, 1444–1452. [Google Scholar]
  • Cozzi, L.; Petropoulos, A. Carbon Emissions Fell across All Sectors in 2020 except for One—SUVs—Analysis—IEA. Available online: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/carbon-emissions-fell-across-all-sectors-in-2020-except-for-one-suvs (accessed on 9 May 2022).
  • Keall, M.D.; Newstead, S. Are SUVs Dangerous Vehicles? Accid. Anal. Prev. 2008, 40, 954–963. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Wenzel, T.P.; Ross, M. The Effects of Vehicle Model and Driver Behavior on Risk. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2005, 37, 479–494. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Wallner, P.; Wanka, A.; Hutter, H.P. SUV Driving “Masculinizes” Risk Behavior in Females: A Public Health Challenge. Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 2017, 129, 625–629. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Wu, W.J.; Li, C.S.; Peng, S.C. The Relationships between Vehicle Characteristics and Automobile Accidents. Risk Manag. Insur. Rev. 2020, 23, 331–377. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Zhang, G.; Qin, Q.; Chen, Z.; Bai, Z.; Cao, L. A Study of the Effect of the Front-End Styling of Sport Utility Vehicles on Pedestrian Head Injuries. Appl. Bionics Biomech. 2018, 2018, 8502507. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Liu, Z.; Zhang, H.; Hao, H.; Zhao, F. Comparative Study of Corporate Average Fuel Consumption Regulations Based on Curb Weight and Footprint Benchmarks. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 2020, 22, 1311–1323. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Ramírez-Díaz, A.J.; Barrera-Santana, J.; Ramos-Real, F.J. Fuel Life-Cycle Analysis for Different Types of Vehicles in the Canary Islands. In Proceedings of the International Association of Energy Economics Conference, Concurrent Session Mobility and CO2, Paris, France, 25–28 July 2021; p. 20. [Google Scholar]
  • Karaaslan, E.; Zhao, Y.; Tatari, O. Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Sport Utility Vehicles with Different Fuel Options. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 2018, 23, 333–347. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Bieker, G. A Global Comparison of the Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Combustion Engine and Electric Passenger Cars—International Council on Clean Transportation, Beijing, Berlin, San Francisco, Sao Paulo, Wahington; The International Council on Clean Transportation: Washington, DC, USA, 2021. [Google Scholar]
  • Ministerio Para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico. Real Decreto 266/2021 de 13 de Abril, Por El Que Se Aprueba La Concesión Directa de Ayudas a Las Comunidades Autónomas y a Las Ciudades de Ceuta y Melilla Para La Ejecución de Programas de Incentivos Ligados a La Movilidad Eléctrica (MOVES III) En El Marc; Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE): Madrid, Spain, 2021; p. 41. [Google Scholar]
  • Cozzi, L.; Petropoulos, A. Global SUV Sales Set Another Record in 2021, Setting Back Efforts to Reduce Emissions—Analysis—IEA. Available online: https://www.iea.org/commentaries/global-suv-sales-set-another-record-in-2021-setting-back-efforts-to-reduce-emissions (accessed on 9 May 2022).
  • ANFAC. Informe Annual. La Movilidad Del Futuro (2020); Annual Report; ANFAC: Madrid, Spain, 2020; Available online: https://anfac.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Informe-Anual-ANFAC-2020.pdf (accessed on 2 September 2022).
  • ANFAC. Matriculaciones Turismos y Todoterreno. Available online: https://www.faconauto.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Informe-Turismos-Diciembre-2021-1.pdf (accessed on 9 May 2022).
  • Dirección General de Tráfico. Matriculaciones de Vehículos 2015–2020 en Canarias; Dirección General de Tráfico: Madrid, Spain, 2021. [Google Scholar]
  • Chijeb, N. Tenerife se Acerca a un Coche por Habitante. Diario de Avisos, 24 January 2022. [Google Scholar]
  • Gunster, S. ‘You Belong Outside’. Ethics Environ. 2004, 9, 4–32. [Google Scholar]
  • Vanderheiden, S. Assessing the Case against the SUV. Env. Polit. 2006, 15, 23–40. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Wellings, T.; Williams, M.A.; Pitts, M. Customer Perception of Switch-Feel in Luxury Sports Utility Vehicles. Food Qual. Prefer. 2008, 19, 737–746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Higgins, C.D.; Mohamed, M.; Ferguson, M.R. Size Matters: How Vehicle Body Type Affects Consumer Preferences for Electric Vehicles. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 2017, 100, 182–201. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Kim, S.W.; Lee, K.; Sohn, J.S.; Cha, S.W. Product Development Using Online Customer Reviews: A Case Study of the South Korean Subcompact Sport Utility Vehicles Market. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 6918. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Mohammadi, A.; Kermanshah, M.; Moeinaddini, A. Investigation of Safety Attitude on Passenger Vehicle Type Choice: An Integrated Choice and Latent Variable (ICLV) Approach. IATSS Res. 2021, 45, 336–346. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Nyborg, K.; Anderies, J.M.; Dannenberg, A.; Lindahl, T.; Schill, C.; Schlüter, M.; Adger, W.N.; Arrow, K.J.; Barrett, S.; Carpenter, S.; et al. Social Norms as Solutions. Science 2016, 354, 42–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Farrow, K.; Grolleau, G.; Ibanez, L. Social Norms and Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Review of the Evidence. Ecol. Econ. 2017, 140, 1–13. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Vögele, S.; Hanna Broska, L.; Otte, S.; Rübbelke, D. Why the Trend towards Gas-Guzzlers? A Closer Look at the Complex Effects of Social Norms on German Car Buyers. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 2021, 72, 101840. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Larson, P.D.; Viáfara, J.; Parsons, R.V.; Elias, A. Consumer Attitudes about Electric Cars: Pricing Analysis and Policy Implications. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 2015, 69, 299–314. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Ramos-Real, F.J.; Ramírez-Díaz, A.; Marrero, G.A.; Perez, Y. Willingness to Pay for Electric Vehicles in Island Regions: The Case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 98, 140–149. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Hidrue, M.K.; Parsons, G.R.; Kempton, W.; Gardner, M.P. Willingness to Pay for Electric Vehicles and Their Attributes. Resour. Energy Econ. 2011, 33, 686–705. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Erdem, C.; Şentürk, I.; Şimşek, T. Identifying the Factors Affecting the Willingness to Pay for Fuel-Efficient Vehicles in Turkey: A Case of Hybrids. Energy Policy 2010, 38, 3038–3043. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Wang, Y.; Sun, M.; Yang, X.; Yuan, X. Public Awareness and Willingness to Pay for Tackling Smog Pollution in China: A Case Study. J. Clean. Prod. 2016, 112, 1627–1634. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Rodríguez-Brito, M.G.; Ramírez-Díaz, A.J.; Ramos-Real, F.J.; Perez, Y. Psychosocial Traits Characterizing EV Adopters’ Profiles: The Case of Tenerife (Canary Islands). Sustainability 2018, 10, 2053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Rosen, L.D.; Whaling, K.; Carrier, L.M.; Cheever, N.A.; Rokkum, J. The Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale: An Empirical Investigation. Comput. Hum. Behav. 2013, 29, 2501–2511. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Valence, G.; d’Astous, A.; Fortier, L. Compulsive Buying: Concept and Measurement. J. Consum. Policy 1988, 11, 419–433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Rohrmann, B. Risk Attitude Scales: Concepts, Questionnaires, Utilizations; University of Melbourne: Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2005. [Google Scholar]
  • Zimbardo, P.G.; Boyd, J.N. Putting Time in Perspective: A Valid, Reliable Individual-Differences Metric. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1999, 77, 1271–1288. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Ham, M.; Horvat, M.; Mrčela, D. Insights for Measuring Environmental Awareness. Ekon. Vjesn. 2016, 1, 159–176. [Google Scholar]
  • Train, K.E. Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation, 2nd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2009; Volume 9780521766, ISBN 9780511805271. [Google Scholar]
  • Greene, W. Discrete Choice Modeling. In Palgrave Handbook of Econometrics; Palgrave Macmillan: London, UK, 2009; Volume 2, pp. 473–556. [Google Scholar]
  • Kajanova, M.; Bracinik, P. Definition of Discrete Choice Models of EV Owners Based on Different Socio-Demographic Aspects. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 3679. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Rahmani, D.; Loureiro, M.L. Assessing Drivers’ Preferences for Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) in Spain. Res. Transp. Econ. 2019, 73, 89–97. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Kajanova, M.; Bracinik, P.; Belány, P. Analysis of the Discrete Choice Model Representing the Electric Vehicle Owners’ Behavior in Slovakia. Electr. Eng. 2022, 104, 131–141. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Byun, H.; Shin, J.; Lee, C.Y. Using a Discrete Choice Experiment to Predict the Penetration Possibility of Environmentally Friendly Vehicles. Energy 2018, 144, 312–321. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  • Domencich, T.; McFadden, D.L. Urban Travel Demand: A Behavioral Analysis; North-Holland Publishing Co.: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1975. [Google Scholar]
  • María Carolina, R.D.; Hernández, J.J.C. Modelos de Elección Discreta y Especificaciones Ordenadas: Una Reflexión Metodológica. Estad. Esp. 2007, 49, 451–471. [Google Scholar]
  • McFadden, D. Quantitative Methods for Analyzing Travel Behaviour of Individuals: Some Recent Developments; Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers; Taylor & Francis: London, UK, 1977. [Google Scholar]
  • European Union. Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April Setting CO2 Emissions Performance Standards for New Passenger Cars and for New Light Commercial Vehicles, and Repealing Regulations (EC), No 443/2009 and (EU) No 510/20; European Union: Strasbourg, France, 2019. [Google Scholar]