Variables Sociofamiliares de Riesgo y Moderación deVariables Personales en el Rendimiento Académico enE.S.O.

Abstract

Socio-familial risk factors negatively affect the academic performance of students. One ofthe approaches from which the influence of risk variables on academic performance has beenstudied has been the cumulative risk model (Rutter, 1979). This study analyzed whichpersonal variables can reduce the negative relationship between socio-familial risk factorsand academic performance. A sample of 1268 Secondary students was selected, of which 443had two or more risk factors. Socio-family variables, academic goals, casual attributions,academic self-concept, self-efficacy and academic performance were examined. Theincidence of the accumulation of risk factors in performance was confirmed. The protectiveeffect of the personal variables on the performance against the accumulation of risks wasshown. The findings offer information to develop educational intervention strategies thatimprove performance, based on the identification of risk factors that may hinder it, and thedevelopment of personal variables that moderate positively in school outcomes.