Impacto de la carga de trabajo del paciente crónico en la adherencia terapéutica

  1. García Hernández, Alfonso Miguel
  2. Martín Santana, Ylenia de los Ángeles
  3. Suárez Sánchez, Juan José
Journal:
Cultura de los cuidados: Revista de Enfermería y Humanidades

ISSN: 1699-6003

Year of publication: 2022

Issue: 64

Pages: 253-266

Type: Article

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More publications in: Cultura de los cuidados: Revista de Enfermería y Humanidades

Abstract

Objectivo: Relacionar a carga de trabalho do paciente crónico independente com a aderência ao tratamento. Método: Estudo analítico observacional transversal. A amostra consistiu em 390 pacientes da Área de Saúde Básica de Mogán (Gran Canaria), sistematicamente seleccionados de acordo com os critérios de paciente crónico com mais de 50 anos de idade com doença cardiovascular estabelecida, incluindo diagnósticos de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, Fibrilação Atrial e Insuficiência Cardíaca (IAM, FA e IC). Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) e doença neurológica com o diagnóstico de AVC e doença de Parkinson. O Questionário de Carga de Tratamento (TBQ) foi utilizado para quantificar a carga de trabalho, e a Escala de Adesão ao Tratamento Morisky (MMAS-8) foi utilizada para a aderência. Resultados: 40,5% da amostra teve carga moderada e aderência moderada (38,2%)-baixa (35,4%). A adesão ao tratamento com baixa moderação foi associada a uma pontuação elevada de TBQ (pontuação média de 64,8 pontos). Os grupos de doenças com maior carga são as doenças neurológicas (nota média TBQ de 74,73 pontos), DPOC (nota média TBQ de 69,08 pontos), e finalmente as doenças cardiovasculares (nota média TBQ de 64,47 pontos). Existe uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre carga de trabalho e aderência x2= 68.343 p<0.000. Conclusões: Os doentes crónicos com maior carga de trabalho têm menor aderência terapêutica.

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