Crisis convulsivas secundarias al consumo de drogas ilegales atendidas en urgencias hospitalarias. Estudio multicéntrico nacional

  1. Vega Sánchez, Indira 1
  2. Burillo-Putze, Guillermo 2
  3. Ibrahim-Achi, Dima 3
  4. Galicia Paredes, Miguel 4
  5. Supervía, August 5
  6. Puiguriguer Ferrand, Jordi 6
  7. López Hernández, M.ª de los Ángeles 7
  8. Matos Castro, Sebastián 8
  9. Miró, Òscar 4
  1. 1 Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España.
  2. 2 Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España. Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, España. Red de Investigación de drogas en Atención Primaria (RIAPAD).
  3. 3 Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, España. Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, España.
  4. 4 Red de Investigación de drogas en Atención Primaria (RIAPAD). Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España.
  5. 5 Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España.
  6. 6 Unidad de Toxicología Clínica, Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, España.
  7. 7 Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, España.
  8. 8 Red de Investigación de drogas en Atención Primaria (RIAPAD). Universidad Europea de Canarias, Tenerife, España.
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Journal:
Revista Española de Urgencias y Emergencias

ISSN: 2951-6552,  2951-6544

Year of publication: 2022

Volume: 1

Issue: 2

Pages: 75-80

Type: Article

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More publications in: Revista Española de Urgencias y Emergencias

Abstract

OBJECTIVES. To estimate the incidence of seizures due to poisoning by street drugs in Spain and to describe the demographic, toxicologic, and clinical characteristics of the events. METHODS. Prospective multicenter analysis of data from the registry of the Spanish Research Network on Drugs in Hospital Emergency Departments (REDUrHE), a 24-month project in 2017 to 2019 in 11 Spanish hospital emergency departments. The patients were treated for seizures after poisoning due to street drug use. RESULTS. A total of 243 patients (in 5.4% of the cases registered) had seizures. Seventy-nine percent were men. No statistically significant differences between the sexes were found. A significantly higher incidence of seizures was observed only in the group of patients poisoned by unidentified substances. Patients without seizures had more palpitations (in 17.1% vs in 5.3% of those with seizures), chest pain (9.4% vs 2.1%, respectively), and cerebellar signs and anxiety (26.5% vs 10.7%) (P<.001, all comparisons). Patients with seizures differed with respect to need for orotracheal intubation (in 3.3% vs 1.6% of those without seizures; P=.038), positive urine tests for drugs (91.8 % vs 75.7%; P<.001), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (5.3% vs 1.8%; P<.001). Length of stay in the emergency department and mortality did not differ between patients with and without seizures. The following events were over twice as likely in patients who had seizures: orotracheal intubation, odds ratio (OR), 2.161 (95% CI, 1.025-4.54); use of an unidentified substance, OR, 2.222 (95% CI, 1.457-3.389); and ICU admission, OR, 2.161 (95% CI, 1.025-4.554). Coingestion of alcohol was not related to having seizures: OR, 0.264; 95% CI, 0.097-0.715). CONCLUSION. A higher risk of seizure was not associated with any particular known street drug, although the risk increased when an unknown substance had been used.

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