Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea de los pacientes afectos de edema macular diabético (EMD) versus control sano

Abstract

Objective: To study the adherence to the mediterranean diet of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to compare it with that of healthy individuals. Material and Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in which the adherence to the Mediterranean diet was compared between two groups of individuals: a group of diabetic patients of our health area with DME, which had started treatment with ranibizumab (RBZ) intravitreal over year 2014, and a control group made up of students of Medicine from the University of La Laguna (ULL). Both groups completed a 14 itemssurvey, either electronically or telephonically, and the results were compared, in terms of the score achieved. Results: 165 surveys were correctly completed, 62 by patients with DME and 103 were completed by the control group. The first group consists of older patients (66.27 years vs. 24.68 years) and with more comorbidities involved: smoking (16,13% vs 7,8%), hypertension and DLP (67.7% in the patients group). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in diabetics was low in 6 patients (10%), moderate in 42 (70%) and high in 12 cases (20%). In the control group, adherence was low in 29.12%, moderate in 67.68% and high in 2.9%. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with DME, contrary to what one might think a priori, have greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet than healthy control patients.