Valores de normalidad de sensibilidad retiniana y fijación foveal mediante microperimetría fotópica y escotópica en población sana

Resumen

Purpose To determine normal values of fotopic and scotopic retinal sensitivity and foveal fixation obtained by microperimetry, using MP3-S microperimeter (Nidek, Gamagori, Japan), in a healthy population. Methods Observational, cros-sectional, single centre study. Fotopic and scotopic microperimetry (MP) was performed using with a customized 13-point fovea-centered pattern in healthy volunteers without ocular pathology. A intraclass correlation coefficient was performed to evaluate fotopic and scotopic MP reliability. Results We analyzed 102 eyes of 54 healthy volunteers (mean age 49.8 ± 15 years old). The fotopic and scotopic mean retinal sensitivity (MRS) was 28.87 ± 3.3 dB and 15.72 ± 1.9 dB (95% CI 15.35-16.09), respectively, showing a significant statistical difference (P < .05). No differences were found when comparing MRS by gender group. However, when analyzing the MRS by age groups, statistically significant differences were found in both modalities of the test, MRS being higher in the group of subjects under 35 years of age, with 30.3 ± 1.7 dB in the photopic and 16.3 ± 1.3 dB in the scotopic, and lower in the group of older than 65 years, with 26.7 ± 2.2 dB in the photopic and 13.8 ± 1.8 dB in the scotopic, with P = .0001. The reliability analysis of both tests revealed an excellent reliability of the fotopic MP with a Cronbach alpha of 0.958 and a good reliability of 0.841 in scotopic MP. Conclusion MP is a test with good reliability both under photopic and scotopic conditions. MRS and fixation stability under photopic and scotopic conditions do not differ according to sex, but it does decrease with age. There is a positive correlation between photopic and scotopic MRS.