Caracterización neuropsicológica de la memoria en prematuros

  1. Itziar Quintero Fuentes 1
  2. Sergio Hernández Expósito 1
  1. 1 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del ComportamientoFacultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna
Journal:
Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil

ISSN: 2660-7271,  1130-9512

Year of publication: 2011

Volume: 28

Issue: 1

Pages: 74-88

Type: Article

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More publications in: Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil

Abstract

The health of most of the developed world has improved significantly in recent years thanks to medical advances and social changes including improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic methods. However, in developed countries a major public health problem does not decrease, but increases: prematurity. In fact, prematurity is a first class health problem to which signifi-cant human and material resources are devoted, probably due to high prevalence rates that are recorded (10% in Spain). According to the Spa-nish National Statistics Institute (INE), 519,779 children were born in 2008 in Spain, of which 40,501 did so prematurely. The causes of pre-maturity are multifactorial and complex, inclu-ding infection, inflammation, vascular disease, stress and multiple pregnancies, spontaneous or resulting from assisted reproduction. Besi-des, new factors should be added like socio-economic factors (as access to prenatal care), maternal behavior during pregnancy (drug and/or alcohol abuse) and genetical-environmental interactions. To elucidate the underlying me-chanisms that lead to prematurity is an arduous work in which a number of researchers from different disciplines worldwide are currently involved. However, the connection between prematurity, neurological disorders, and cog-nitive-behavioral effects in the long term is far from being consistently established. In this con-text, the Neuropsychology is shown as a valid and reliable approach for the study of cognitive deficits and pathological substrate usually iden-tified in prematurity.

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