Mitos del amor romántico y sexismo ambivalente en adolescentes

  1. Eduardo Martín Cabrera
  2. Ángela Torbay Betancor
  3. José Alexis Alonso Sánchez
Journal:
Pedagogía social: revista interuniversitaria

ISSN: 1139-1723

Year of publication: 2024

Issue Title: Violencia de género

Issue: 45

Pages: 137-148

Type: Article

DOI: 10.7179/PSRI_2024.45.07 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Pedagogía social: revista interuniversitaria

Abstract

The aim of this work was to analyze the prevalence of sexism and myths of romantic love among adolescents, as well as the relationship between both variables and their stability depending on age. 900 adolescents from public schools, of which 53.4 % were girls, between 13 and 17 years old, with an average of 15.2, completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory and the Love Myths Scale. The main results indicated that the scores differ between boys and girls, especially in the case of sexism, a variable in which the boys’ scores were much higher than that of the girls. In relation to myths of romantic love, girls scored higher in myths related to the idealization of love, and boys in those that link love and abuse. Gender differences were found in the relationship between both variables and with age, although the prevalence does not vary much over time. It was concluded that factors such as pornography consumption, the proliferation of denialist ideas of gender violence and the absence of adequate affective-sexual education could be behind these results. It seems necessary to implement actions, from all areas, to ensure that adolescents internalize egalitarian values.

Bibliographic References

  • Boneta-Sádaba, N., García-Mingo, E. y Tomás-Forte, S. (2024). Entendiendo el negacionismo de la violencia de género: Discursos sobre violencia de género entre adolescentes españoles/as. Revista Prisma Social, 44, 359–370.
  • Bonilla-Algovia, E., Rivas-Rivero, E. y Pascual Gómez, I. (2021). Mitos del amor romántico en adolescentes: relación con el sexismo y variables procedentes de la socialización. Educación XX1, 24(2), 441-464. https://doi.org/10.5944/educXX1.28514
  • Camacho, J. (1995). Análisis multivariado con SPSS. Editorial Universidad de Barcelona.
  • Carrascosa, L., Cava, M. J., Buelga, S. y De Jesús, S. N. (2019). Reduction of sexist attitudes, romantic myths, and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. Efficacy of the DARSI program. Psicothema, 31(2), 121-127. http://dx.doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2018.245
  • Cava, M. J., Castillo, I., Buelga, S. y Tomás., I. (2023). Relationships Among Romantic Myths, Tolerant Attitudes Toward Abuse, and Teen Dating Violence Victimization: The Moderator Role of Gender. Youth and Society, 55(8), 1542-1567. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X221119235
  • Cava, M. J., Martínez-Ferrer, B., Buelga, S. y Carrascosa, L. (2020). Sexist attitudes, romantic myths, and offline dating violence as predictors of cyber dating violence perpetration in adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 111, 106449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106449
  • Cerro, M. y Vives, M. (2019). Prevalencia de los mitos del amor romántico en jóvenes. OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 14(2), 343-371. https://doi.org/10.14198/OBERS2019.14.2.03
  • Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P. D., Sahdra, B. K., Kashdan, T. B., Kiuru, N. y Conigrave, J. (2017). When empathy matters: The role of sex and empathy in close friendship. Journal of Personality, 85(4), 494-504. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12255
  • Cinquegrana, V., Marini, M. y Galdi, S. (2023). Psychological abuse is not a problem! Exploring the role of domestic violence myths in psychological revictimization. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1228822. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1228822
  • Cislaghi, B. y Heise, L. (2019). Using social norms theory for health promotion in low-income countries. Health Promotion International, 34(3), 616-623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/day017
  • Delegación del Gobierno contra la Violencia de Género (2020). Macroencuesta de violencia contra la mujer 2019. Ministerio de Igualdad.
  • de Lemus, S., Castillo, M., Moya, M., Padilla, J. L. y Ryan, E. (2008). Elaboración y validación del Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente para adolescentes. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 8(2), 537-562. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33712001013
  • Galván, M., Briceño, C., Fernández, M. C. y Mora, G. (2021). Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente (ISA) en adolescentes chilenos: estructura factorial, fiabilidad, validez e invarianza por sexo. Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y Adolescentes, 8(3), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.21134/rpcna.2021.08.3.1
  • Glick, P. y Fiske, S. T. (1996). The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(3), 491–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.491
  • Goh, J. X. y Tignor, S. M. (2020). Interpersonal dominance-warmth dimensions of hostile and benevolent sexism: Insights from the self and friends. Personality and Individual Differences, 155(1), 109753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109753
  • Haggard, M.C., Kaelen, R., Saroglou, V., Klein, O. y Rowatt, W.C. (2019). Religion’s Role in the Illusion of Gender Equality: Supraliminal and Subliminal Religious Priming Increases Benevolent Sexism. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 11(4), 392-398. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000196
  • Hammond, M. D. y Sibley, C. G. (2011). Why are benevolent sexists happier? Sex Roles, 65, 332-343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s111990-011-0017-2
  • Heise, L. L. y Kotsadam, A. (2015). Cross-national and multilevel correlates of partner violence: an analysis of data from population-based surveys. Lancet Global Health, 3, 332-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00013-3
  • Hellmer, K., Stenson, J. T. y Jylhä, K. M. (2018). What’s (not) underpinning ambivalent sexism? Revisiting the roles of ideology, religiosity, personality, demographics, and men’s facial hair in explaining hostile and benevolent sexism. Personality and Individual Differences, 122, 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.001
  • Jiménez-Picón, N., Romero-Martín, M., Romero-Castillo, R., Palomo-Lara. J. C. y Alonso-Ruíz, M. (2023). Internalization of the Romantic Love Myths as a Risk Factor for Gender Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 20, 837-854. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-022-00747-2
  • León, C. M. y Aizpurúa, E. (2020). ¿Persisten las actitudes sexistas en los estudiantes universitarios? Un análisis de su prevalencia, predictores y diferencias de género. Educación XX1, 23(1), 275-296. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.23629
  • López-Martín, E. y Ardura, D. (2023). El tamaño del efecto en la publicación científica. Educación XX1, 26(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.36276
  • Malonda, E., Tur-Porcar, A. y Llorca, A. (2017). Sexismo en la adolescencia: estilos de crianza, división de tareas domésticas, conducta prosocial y agresividad. Revista de Psicología Social, 32(2), 333-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2017.1291745
  • Marcos, V., Cea, B., Novo, M. y Seijo, D. (2023). Contrasting cognitive competence of victimized youngsters in dating relations. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 14(2), 68-74. https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2023.02.06
  • Marques-Fagundes, A. L., Megías, J. L., García-García, D. M. y Petkanopoulou, K. (2015). Ambivalent sexism and egalitarian ideology in perception of psychology abuse and (in)vulnerability to violence. Revista de Psicología Social, 30(1), 31-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2014.991519
  • Martín, E., Torbay, A. y Guerra-Hernández, C. (2021). Gender segregation in peer relationships and its association with peer reputation. Psicothema, 33(2), 244-250. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2020.359
  • Mastari, L., Spruyt, B. y Siongers, J. (2019). Benevolent and hostile sexism in social spheres: the impact of parents, school and romance on Belgian adolescents’ sexist attitudes. Frontiers in Sociology, 4, 47. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00047
  • Mehta, C. M. y Stough, J. (2009). Sex segregation in friendship and normative contexts across the life span. Developmental Review, 29, 201-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2009.06.001
  • Mikołajczak, M. y Pietrzak, J. (2014). Ambivalent sexism and religion: Connected through values. Sex Roles, 70, 387-399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0379-3
  • Peter, J. y Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). Adolescents and pornography: A review of 20 years of research. Journal of Sex Research, 53(4-5), 509-531. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2016.1143441
  • Preacher, K. J. (2002). Calculation for the test of the difference between two independent correlation coefficients Computer software]. Available from http://quantpsy.org.
  • Rivas-Rivero, E., Checa-Romero, M. y Viuda-Serrano, A. (2022). Factores relacionados con las creencias distorsionadas sobre las mujeres y la violencia en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria. Revista de Educación, 395, 363-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2022-395-517
  • Rodríguez, E., Kuric, S., Sanmartín, A. y Gómez, A. (2023). Barómetro Juventud y Género 2023. Avance de resultados: violencia de género. Centro Reina Sofía de Fad Juventud. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10144139
  • Rodríguez-Castro, Y., Lameiras-Fernández, M., Carrera-Fernández, M. V. y Vallejo-Medina, P. (2013). La fiabilidad y validez de la escala de mitos hacia el amor: las creencias de los y las adolescentes. Revista de Psicología Social, 28(2), 157-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1174/021347413806196708.
  • Ruiz-Palomino, E., Ballester-Arnal, R., Giménez-García, C. y Gil-Llario, M. D. (2021). Influence of beliefs about romantic love on the justification of abusive behaviors among early adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 92, 126-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.09.001
  • Save the Children (2021). No es amor. Un análisis sobre la violencia de género entre adolescentes. Save the Children España.
  • Sedano, S., Lorente de Sanz, J., Ballester, L. y Aznar, B. (2024). Acceso, consumo y consecuencias del consumo de pornografía entre adolescentes: nuevos retos para la educación afectivo-sexual. Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, 44, 161-175. http://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2024.44.09
  • Tomaszewska, P. y Schuster, I. (2021). Prevalence of teen dating violence in Europe: a systematic review of studies since 2010. Child and Adolescent Development, 178, 11-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20437
  • Vinagre-González, A. M., Puente-López, E., Aguilar-Cárceles, M. M., Aparicio-García, M. E. y Loinaz, I. (2023). Differences between men and women in the acceptance of gender roles and stereotypes in intimate partner violence. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 14(2), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2023.02.068
  • Wright, P.J., Tokunaga, R.S. y Kraus, A. (2016). A meta-analysis of pornography consumption and actual acts of sexual aggression in general population studies. Journal of Communication, 66(1), 183-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12201
Data source: Dialnet