Diagnóstico del trastorno del espectro autista: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Early diagnosis is a major goal of medical research. In the case of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it has almost always been carried out through psychometric questionnaires that have shown reliability but are not free from biases that may prolong the diagnosis of ASD. Therefore, the emergence of other techniques that improve diagnosis reliably represents a significant advance for patients. Different diagnostic techniques have been developed, such as concentration of certain proteins in blood, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, eye-tracking, volumetry of the brain, and resting-state electroencephalogram, which can greatly aid in the detection of ASD, either alone or as a complement to traditional tests. The aim of this review is to present the current diagnostic possibilities for detecting ASD early.