The time-course of processing of grammatical class and semantic attributes of wordsDissociation by means of ERP

  1. Carolina Yudes 1
  2. Alberto Domínguez 2
  3. Fernando Cuetos 3
  4. Manuel de Vega 2
  1. 1 International University of La Rioja (Spain)
  2. 2 University of La Laguna (Spain)
  3. 3 University of Oviedo (Spain)
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Revista:
Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental

ISSN: 1576-8597

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 37

Número: 2

Páginas: 105-126

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental

Resumen

Esta investigación examina el curso temporal del procesamiento de palabras en función de su clase gramatical (verbos vs. nombres) y su significado (acción vs. no acción) mediante potenciales evocados. La morfología de palabras en español permite formar un nombre (ej. bail-e) o un verbo (ej. bail-ar) únicamente cambiando el sufijo unido a la raíz. Este hecho permitió la elaboración de un conjunto de nombres y verbos, igualados en significado y con una misma raíz, referidos a acciones y no acciones. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que la clase gramatical de las palabras es procesada muy pronto, alrededor de 200 ms tras la presentación de la palabra, manteniéndose sus efectos activados en regiones frontales izquierdas hasta los 800 ms. Igualmente se encontró un componente LAN sensible a esta distinción nombres-verbos, y una onda similar al N400, ampliamente distribuida, sensible al procesamiento del significado (acción-no acción). Estos diferentes componentes afectados por la gramática (P200 y LAN) y el significado (N400) parecen indicar la existencia de un procesamiento neuronal independiente de ambas propiedades lingüísticas y apoyan una especificación léxica de la clase gramatical.

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