Cognitive decline before the age of 50 can be detected with sensitive cognitive measures

  1. Daniel Ferreira 1
  2. Rut Correia 1
  3. Antonieta Nieto 1
  4. Alejandra Machado
  5. Yaiza Molina
  6. José Barroso
  1. 1 Universidad de La Laguna
    info

    Universidad de La Laguna

    San Cristobal de La Laguna, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01r9z8p25

Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 27

Número: 3

Páginas: 216-222

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Antecedentes: definir el perfil de cambios cognitivos durante la adultez de mediana edad para identificar medidas sensibles al deterioro cognitivo temprano. Estudiar si estos cambios preceden el deterioro cognitivo presente en la vejez. Método: 141 participantes cognitivamente normales (101 adultos entre 40-50±2 años; y 40 individuos con 65±2 años) fueron evaluados mediante un amplio protocolo neuropsicológico incluyendo velocidad de procesamiento, atención, funciones ejecutivas, memoria episódica verbal y visual, memoria procedimental, funciones visocontructivas, visoperceptivas y visoespaciales, y lenguaje. Resultados: se detectaron cambios cognitivos antes de los 50 años en tiempo de reacción cognitivo, control ejecutivo, adquisición inicial en memoria episódica verbal, funciones visoconstructivas y visoespaciales complejas, y acceso al léxico. Estos cambios precedieron un deterioro cognitivo más extenso evidenciado a la edad de 65 años. Conclusiones: existe una leve disfunción ejecutiva antes de los 50 años, junto con enlentecimiento cognitivo en la transición a la vejez. Este perfil de cambios podría explicarse por un deterioro en el lóbulo frontal y sus conexiones ya desde la adultez de mediana edad. Estos resultados, junto con investigación futura, podrían ser importantes para el diagnóstico, prognosis y prevención del envejecimiento patológico a nivel temprano.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet