Empoderamiento y masculinidad en la estrategia de género de Alaska
ISSN: 2530-2442
Argitalpen urtea: 2018
Alea: 3
Zenbakia: 2
Orrialdeak: 109-123
Mota: Artikulua
Beste argitalpen batzuk: Femeris: Revista Multidisciplinar de Estudios de Género
Laburpena
The singer Alaska has been one of the most representative icons of modernity in Spain, participating prominently in the Movida. According to Alberto Mira (2004), the feature that defined La Movida was the adoption of the homosexuality camp model. In this article, I propose an analysis of the gender discourse of Alaska, whose most outstanding feature would be the adoption of this camp model of homosexuality. To do this, I have compared the version she made of the song Quiero ser Santa with the one of Parálisis Permanente, as well as her duet with Loquillo in El ritmo del garaje and her song Rey del Glam. Alaska, thanks to the camp model, articulated a non-hegemonic masculinity that helped her to be empowered and legitimized within the scenes of Spanish popular music. To pursue this, Alaska used the artifice of the camp through strategies such as the use of a cross-dressing voice or a style of performance that involved showmanship.
Erreferentzia bibliografikoak
- Allinson, Mark (2003). Alaska: Star of stage and screen and optimistic punk. En Jo Labanyi (Ed.), Constructing identiy in contemporary Spain: theoretical debates and cultural practice (pp. 222–36). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Auslander, Philip (2006). Performing glam rock: gender and theatricality in popular music. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Bermúdez, Silvia (2011). La apuesta pop de Alaska: La estética warholiana en los proyectos musicales con los Pegamoides. En Carlos X. Ardavín Trabanco & Jorge Marí (Eds.), Ventanas sobre el Atlántico: Estados Unidos-España durante el postfranquismo (1975- 2008) (p. 259). Valencia: Publicacións de la Universitat de València.
- Branch, Andrew (2012). All the young dudes: educational capital, masculinity and the uses of popular music. Popular Music, 31(1), 25–44.
- Butler, Judith (1990). Gender trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge.
- Butler, Judith (1993). Bodies that matter: on the discursive limits of sex. Nueva York: Routledge.
- Cateforis, Theo (2011). Are we not new wave?: modern pop at the turn of the 1980s. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Cleto, Fabio (1999). Introduction: Queering the Camp. En Fabio Cleto (ed.), Camp: Queer Aesthetics and the Performing Subject (pp. 1–42). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Coates, Norma (1997). (R) Evolution now?: rock and the political potential of gender. En Sheila Whiteley (Ed.), Sexing the groove: popular music and gender (pp. 50–64). London: Routledge.
- Connell, Raewyn (1995). Masculinities. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Fouce, Héctor (2006). El futuro ya está aquí: música pop y cambio cultural. Madrid: Velecío Editores.
- Fouce, Héctor (2008). Emociones en lugar de soluciones música popular, intelectuales y cambio político en la España de la Transición. TRANS Revista Transcultural de Música, 12. http://www.sibetrans.com/trans/articulo/105/emociones-en-lugar-de-solucionesmusica-popular-intelectuales-y-cambio-politico-en-la-espana-de-la-transicion
- Fouce, Héctor (2009). De la agitación a la Movida. Políticas culturales y música popular en la Transición española. Arizona Journal of Hispanic Cultural Studies, 13, 143–154.
- Frith, Simon, & Mac Robbie, Angela (1978). Rock and sexuality. Screen Education, 29, 3-19.
- Gallero, José Luis (1991). Sólo se vive una vez. Esplendor y ruina de la movida madrileña. Madrid: Ardora.
- Gard, Michael (2006). Men who dance: aesthetics, athletics & the art of masculinity. New York: Peter Lang.
- Godes, Patricia (2013). Grandes éxitos de Alaska y Los Pegamoides: el año en que España se volvió loca. Madrid: Lengua de Trapo. Green, Lucy (2001 [1997]). Música, género y educación (1st 1997). Madrid: Morata.
- Grossberg, Lawrence (1992). Rock, posmodernity and authenticity. En We gotta get out of this place: popular conservatism and postmodern culture (pp. 201–239). London, New York: Routledge.
- Halberstam, Judith (2008 [1998]). Masculinidad femenina. Barcelona: Egales.
- Haro Ibars, Eduardo (1975). Gay Rock. Madrid: Ediciones Júcar.
- Hawkins, Stan (2009). The british pop dandy: masculinity, popular music and culture. Farnham: Ashgate.
- Hawkins, Stan (2015). Queerness in pop music aesthetics, gender norms, and temporality. London, New York: Routledge.
- Holliday, Ruth, & Potts, Tracey (2012). Camp kitsch. En Kitsch!: Cultural Politics and Taste (pp. 115-153). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Jarman-Ivens, Freya (2011). Queer voices: technologies, vocalities, and the musical flaw. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Kleinhans, Chuck. (1994). Taking out the trash. Camp and the politics of parody. En Moe Meyer (Ed.), The politics and poetics of camp (pp. 182–201). London: Routledge.
- Labanyi, Jo, Graham, Helen, & Sánchez, Antonio (1995). Conclusion: modernity and cultural pluralism. En J. Labanyi & H. Graham (Eds.), Spanish Cultural Studies. An introduction (pp. 396–418). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Laing, David (1985). One chord wonders: power and meaning in punk rock. Oakland: PM Press.
- Larson, Susan (2001). `Resulta que posmodernidad equivale a pintarse el pelo de verde´, or getting over Spanish Postmodernism. Monographic Review/ Revista Monográfica, 17, 104–118.
- Leibetseder, Doris (2012). Queer tracks: subversive strategies in rock and pop music. Farnham: Ashgate.
- López Castilla, María Teresa (2015). Música electrónica y cultura de club: un estudio postfeminista de la escena española. Universidad de La Rioja.
- Martínez García, Silvia (2003). Decibelios y testosterona: una aproximación a las imágenes de género del rock y el heavy. Dossiers Feministes. No me arrepiento de nada: mujeres y música, 7, 101–118.
- McClary, Susan (1991). Feminine endings: Music, gender, and sexuality. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Meyer, Moe (1994). Introduction: Reclaiming the Discourse of Camp. En Moe Meyer (ed.), The Politics and Poetics of Camp (pp. 1–22). New York: Routledge.
- Mira, Alberto (2004). De Sodoma a Chueca. Una historia cultural de la homosexualidad en España en el siglo XX. Barcelona: EGALES.
- Nichols, William J., & Song, H. Rosi (Eds.) (2013). Toward a cultural archive of La Movida: Back to the future. Cranbury: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
- Ordovás, Jesús (2002). La revolución pop. Madrid: Celeste.
- Pavlovic, Tatjana (2003). Despotic bodies and transgressive bodies: Spanish culture from Francisco Franco to Jesús Franco. Albany: State University of New York Press.
- Pérez, Jorge (2009). Driving with la Movida: The Rock`N´Road aesthetics of Loquillo´s rock ibérico. Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 10(2), 189–205.
- Reynolds, Simon, & Press, Joy (1995). The sex revolts: gender, rebellion, and rock’n’roll. Cambridge: Hardvard University Press.
- Rodger, Gillian (2004). Drag, camp and gender subversion in the music and videos of Annie Lennox. Popular Music, 23(1), 17–29.
- Ross, Andrew (1989). Uses of Camp. En No Respect: Intellectuals and Popular Culture (pp. 135–70). London: Routledge.
- Sontag, Susan (1999 [1964]). Notes on Camp. En Fabio Cleto (ed.), Camp: Queer Aesthetics and the Performing Subject (pp. 53–65). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Val, Fernán del (2014). Rockeros insurgentes, modernos complacientes: juventud, rock y política en España (1975-1985). Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
- Vaquerizo, Mario (2001). Alaska. Valencia: La Máscara.
- Vilarós, Teresa (1998). El mono del desencanto: una crítica cultural de la transición española (1973-1993). Madrid: Siglo XXI.
- Viñuela, Laura (2003). La perspectiva de género y la música popular: dos nuevos retos para la musicología. Oviedo: KRK.
- Wheeler, Duncan (2016). All her friends call her Alaska: the cultural politics of locating Olvido Gara in and beyond Madrid’s Movida. Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 17(4), 361–383.
- Whiteley, Sheila (Ed.). (1997). Sexing the groove: popular music and gender. London: Routledge.
- Wood, Elizabeth (1994). Sapphonics. En Philip Brett, Gary Thomas, & Elizabeth Wood (Eds.), Queering the pitch: the new gay and lesbian musicology (pp. 27–66). New York: Routledge.