Entrenamiento de la fuerza explosiva en jugadores de fútbol juvenil
- Arriscado, D. 1
- Martínez, J.A. 2
-
1
Universidad Internacional de La Rioja
info
- 2 Departamento de Educación, Gobierno de Navarra
ISSN: 1989-6239
Año de publicación: 2017
Volumen: 9
Número: 3
Páginas: 329-338
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Journal of sport and health research
Resumen
Aim: Physical requirements in football are increasing, so it is necessary to optimize physical capacities throughout the training stages, having explosive strength an important role in performance. The aim of the study was to analyse the efficacy of a training cycle on explosive strength performance in junior players. Material and methods: We designed a seven-week training programme that consisted of regular and individualized loads based on basic rapid force and power exercises. The programme was applied on an intervention group (n=13) and the results were compared with a control group (n=12) with no strength stimulus. Performance levels in vertical jump and speed tests were contemplated as variables to assess the efficacy of the training programme. Results: Intervention group showed significant differences of over 4% in vertical explosive strength tests (jumps), as well as maintenance in horizontal strength (speed). Conversely, the control group did not present significant differences. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the efficacy of the programme with regard to vertical strength variables and the need to introduce specific horizontal strength exercises.
Referencias bibliográficas
- Baker, D. (2001). A series of studies on the training of High Intensity Muscle Power in Rugby League Football Player. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(2), 198-209.
- Behm, D.G., Faigenbaum, A.D., Falk, B., & Klentrou, P. (2008). Canadian society for exercise physiology position paper: resistance training in children and adolescents. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 33(3), 547-561.
- Casáis, L.; Crespo, J.; Domínguez, E. & Lago, C. (2003). Perfil condicional de jugadores juveniles de división de honor de fútbol. En A. Oña y A. Bilbao (eds.). II Congreso Mundial de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el deporte (pp. 242-243). Granada: Oña y Bilbao.
- Casáis, L.; Crespo, J.; Domínguez, E., & Lago, C. (2004). Relación entre parámetros antropométricos y manifestaciones de fuerza y velocidad en futbolistas en edades de formación. III Congreso de la Asociación Española de Ciencias del Deporte. Valencia: AECD.
- Centeno, R.A., Naranjo, J., Calero, T., Orellana, R., & Sánchez, E. (2005). Valores de la fuerza obtenidos mediante plataforma dinamométrica en futbolistas profesionales. Revista Científica en Medicina del Deporte, 1, 11-17.
- Cometti, G. (1999). Los métodos modernos de musculación. Barcelona: Paidotribo.
- Cormie, P., McBride, J.M., & McCaulley, G.O. (2008). Power-time, force-time, and velocity-time curve analysis during the jump squat: impact of load. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 24(2), 112-120.
- Domínguez, E. (2016). Evolución de la preparación física en el fútbol español. Revista de Preparación Física en el Fútbol, 16, 34-48.
- Faigembaum, A. (2014). Strength training for children and adolescents. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 9(25 suppl.), S23.
- García, C., Sánchez, M. & González, J.J. (2014). Effects of 8 weeks strength training on vertical jump performance in elite male volleyball players during the in-season. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 9(25 suppl.), S219.
- González, J.J., & Gorostiaga, E. (2002). Fundamentos del entrenamiento de la fuerza. Barcelona: Inde.
- González-Badillo, J.J., & Sánchez-Medina, L. (2010). Movement velocity as a measure of loading intensity in resistance training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(5), 347-352.
- Iribarren, J.A., Gorostiaga, E., González, J.J., Izquierdo, M., Ruesta, M., & Ibáñez, J. (2004). Strength training effects on physical performance and serum hormones in young soccer players. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91, 698-707.
- Lloyd, R.S., Faigenbaum, A.D., Stone, M.H., Oliver, J.L., Jeffreys, I., Moody, J.A., et al. (2014). Position statement on youth resistance training: the 2014 International Consensus. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(7), 498-505.
- Matthews, M., O'Conchuir, C., & Comfort, P. (2009). The acute effects of heavy and light resistances on the flight time of a basketball push-pass during upper body complex training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(7), 1988-1995.
- McCall, A., Davison, M., Andersen, T. E., Beasley, I., Bizzini, M., Dupont, G., et al. (2015). Injury prevention strategies at the FIFA 2014 World Cup: perceptions and practices of the physicians from the 32 participating national teams. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(9), 603-608.
- Ramírez-Campillo, R., Meylan, C., Álvarez, C., Henríquez-Olguín, C., Martínez, C., Cañas-Jamett, R. et al. (2014). Effects of inseason low-volume high-intensity plyometric training on explosive actions and endurance of young soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(5), 1335- 1342.
- Requena, B., Gonzalez-Badillo, J.J., de Villareal, E.S., Ereline, J., Garcia, I., Gapeyeva, H., et al. (2009). Functional performance, maximal strength, and power characteristics in isometric and dynamic actions of lower extremities in soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(5), 1391–401.
- Sale, D.G. (2002). Postactivation potentiation: role in human performance. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 30(3), 138-143.
- Sánchez-Medina, L., & González-Badillo, J. J. (2011). Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43, 1725–1734.
- Schneider, V., Arnold, B., Martin, K., Bell, D., & Crocker, P (1998). Detraining effects in college football players during the competitive season. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 12(1), 42-45.
- Silva, J. R., Nassis, G. P., & Rebelo, A. (2015). Strength training in soccer with a specific focus on highly trained players. Sports Medicine-Open, 1, 17.
- Steene-Johannessen, J., Anderssen, S.A., Kolle, E., & Andersen, L.B. (2009). Low muscle fitness is associated with metabolic risk in youth. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(7), 1361-1367.
- Suchomel, T.J., Nimphius, S., & Stone, M.H. (2016). The Importance of Muscular Strength in Athletic Performance. Sports Medicine, 46(10), 1419-1449.