Envejecimiento saludableDeterminantes de la capacidad restauradora en los espacios públicos urbanos

  1. Christian Rosales Sánchez
  2. Lorenzo Alegría, Maryurena
  3. Ríos-Rodríguez, María Luisa
  4. Hernández Ruiz, Bernardo
Aldizkaria:
Aposta: Revista de ciencias sociales

ISSN: 1696-7348

Argitalpen urtea: 2024

Zenbakia: 101

Orrialdeak: 111-123

Mota: Artikulua

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Aposta: Revista de ciencias sociales

Laburpena

Green spaces are fundamental in the urban context, since they are places of cognitive restoration for citizens; as well as for their physical, psychological and community health. The paper tries to examine to what extent user perceptions of the characteristics of urban green spaces predict their Perceived Restorative Capacity (PRC) and how these perceptions can be different according to age. 163 users of urban green spaces on the island of Tenerife participated in the study. For the evaluation of the spaces, users used the Perceived Environmental Quality questionnaire, and, for the assessment of restorative capacity, they filled out a questionnaire composed of five items. The results show that elderly have a higher perception than the young about the characteristics of urban green spaces and about their restorative capacity. In addition, for young people, social interaction, the design of the space and the presence of sensory elements predict the PRC. In the group over 60 years of age, social interaction, space care and space design are the variables that predict the PRC. In conclusion, there are differences in the perception of the characteristics of the environmental quality of urban green spaces in the perception of their restorative capacity, depending on age.

Erreferentzia bibliografikoak

  • Berto, R. (2005). Exposure to restorative environments helps restore attentional capacity. Journal of environmental psychology, 25(3), 249-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.07.001
  • Bertossi, C., Ruiz, M. A., Pajak, A., Kozela, M., Kubinova, R., Malyutina, S., Peasey, A., Pikhart, H., Marmot, M., y Bobak, M. (2019). The prospective relationship between social cohesion and depressive symptoms among older adults from Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 73(2), 117- 122. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211063
  • Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Lafortezza, R., Colangelo, G., Ferrini, F., Salbitano, F., Agrimi, M., Portoghesi, L., Semenzato, P., y Sanesi, G. (2015). Go greener, feel better? The positive effects of biodiversity on the well-being of individuals visiting urban and peri-urban green areas. Landscape and urban planning, 134, 221-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.022
  • Carrus, G., Scopelliti, M., Panno, A., Lafortezza, R., Colangelo, G., Pirchio, S., Ferrini, F., Salbitano, F., Agrimi, M., Portoghesi, L., Semenzato, P., y Sanesi, G. (2017). A Different Way to Stay in Touch with ‘Urban Nature’: The Perceived Restorative Qualities of Botanical Gardens. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 914. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00914
  • Cassarino, M., O’Sullivan, V., Kenny, R. A., y Setti, A. (2016). Environment and cognitive aging: A cross-sectional study of place of residence and cognitive performance in the Irish longitudinal study on aging. Neuropsychology, 30(5), 543- 557. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000253
  • Cherrie, M. P. C., Shortt, N. K., Mitchell, R. J., Taylor, A. M., Redmond, P., Thompson, C. W., Starr, J. M., Deary, I. J., y Pearce, J. R. (2018). Green space and cognitive ageing: A retrospective life course analysis in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Social Science & Medicine, 196, 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.038
  • Enssle, F., y Kabisch, N. (2020). Urban green spaces for the social interaction, health and well-being of older people – An integrated view of urban ecosystem services and socio-environmental justice. Environmental science & policy, 109, 36-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.04.008
  • Fariña, J., Higueras, E., y Román, E. (2019). Ciudad Urbanismo y Salud. Documento Técnico de criterios generales sobre parámetros de diseño urbano para alcanzar los objetivos de una ciudad saludable con especial énfasis en el envejecimiento activo. Madrid: ETS Arquitectura, UPM
  • García, A., y Jiménez, B. C. (2016). Envejecimiento y urbanización: Implicaciones de dos procesos coincidentes. Investigaciones Geográficas, (89), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.47362
  • Gibson, S. C. (2018). “Let’s go to the park.” An investigation of older adults in Australia and their motivations for park visitation. Landscape and Urban Planning, 180, 234- 246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.019
  • Gonçalves, P., Grilo, F., Mendes, R. C., Vierikko, K., Elands, B., Marques, T. A., y Santos-Reis, M. (2021). What’s biodiversity got to do with it? Perceptions of biodiversity and restorativeness in urban parks. Ecology and Society, 26(3):25. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12598-260325
  • Groshong, L., Wilhelm Stanis, S. A., Kaczynski, A. T., y Hipp, J. A. (2020). Attitudes about perceived park safety among residents in low-income and high minority Kansas City, Missouri, neighborhoods. Environment and Behavior, 52(6), 639-665. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916518814291
  • Hartig, T. (2004). Restorative environments. Encyclopedia of applied psychology, 3, 273-279.
  • Hartig, T., y Kahn Jr, P. H. (2016). Living in cities, naturally. Science, 352(6288), 938- 940. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf3759
  • Hartig, T., Mitchell, R., de Vries, S., y Frumkin, H. (2014). Nature and health. Annual Reviews of Public Health, 35(1), 207-228.
  • Hu, M., y Shealy, T. (2023). Priming the public to construct preferences for sustainable design: A discrete choice model for green infrastructure. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 88, 102005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102005
  • INE (2020). Proyecciones de Población 2020-2070. Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.
  • INE (2022). Una población envejecida. Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Estadística.
  • Jirovec, R. L., Jirovec, M. M., y Bosse, R. (1985). Residential satisfaction as a function of micro and macro environmental conditions among urban elderly men. Research on Aging, 7(4), 601-616. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027585007004006
  • Lorenzo, M., Ríos-Rodríguez, M. L., Suárez, E., Hernández, B., y Rosales, C. (2023). Quality analysis and categorisation of public space. Heliyon, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13861
  • Maas, J., Van Dillen, S. M., Verheij, R. A., y Groenewegen, P. P. (2009). Social contacts as a possible mechanism behind the relation between green space and health. Health & place, 15(2), 586-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.09.006
  • McMahan, E. A., y Estes, D. (2015). The effect of contact with natural environments on positive and negative affect: A meta-analysis. The journal of positive psychology, 10(6), 507-519. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.994224
  • Moreno, D.M., y Corregidor, A. I. (2010). Urbanismo, espacio público y personas mayores: Hacia la amabilidad de las formas. Terapia Ocupacional Gallega, monog. 3, 232-254. http://www.revistatog.com/mono/num3/urbanismo.pdf
  • Nasar, J. L. (1981). Environmental factors and commercial burglary. Journal of Environmental Systems, 11(1), 49-56.
  • Negrín, F., Hernández-Fernaud, E., Hess, S., y Hernández, B. (2017). Discrimination of Urban Spaces with Different Level of Restorativeness Based on the Original and on a Shorter Version of Hartig et al.’s Perceived Restorativeness Scale. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1735. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01735
  • ONU (2003). Declaración Política y Plan de Acción Internacional de Madrid sobre el Envejecimiento. Segunda Asamblea Mundial sobre el Envejecimiento.
  • Pasanen, T., Johnson, K., Lee, K., y Korpela, K. (2018). Can nature walks with psychological tasks improve mood, self-reported restoration, and sustained attention? Results from two experimental field studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2057. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02057
  • Pérez-Tejera, F., Anguera, M. T., Guàrdia-Olmos, J., Dalmau-Bueno, A., y Valera, S. (2022). Examining perceived safety and park use in public open spaces: The case of Barcelona. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 81, 101823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101823
  • Polajnar Horvat, K., y Ribeiro, D. (2023). Urban Public Spaces as Restorative Environments: The Case of Ljubljana. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032159
  • Ríos-Rodríguez, M. L., Rosales, C., Lorenzo, M., Muinos, G., y Hernández, B. (2021). Influence of Perceived Environmental Quality on the Perceived Restorativeness of Public Spaces. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 644-763. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644763
  • Rosales, C., Ríos-Rodríguez, M.L., Lorenzo, M., Muinos, G. y Hernández, B. (2022). Capacidad restauradora: efecto calidad ambiental percibida en función del tipo de espacio público –plazas y parques– y su calidad observada. XVI Congreso Internacional de Psicología Ambiental. Faro, Portugal.
  • Rowles, G. D., y Bernard, M. (2013). Environmetal Gerontology. Making Meaningful Places in Old Age. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Ruiz, C., y Hernández, B. (2014). Emotions and coping strategies during an episode of volcanic activity and their relations to place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 38, 279-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.03.008
  • Valera, S., Pérez-Tejera, F., Anguera, M. T., y Sicilia, L. (2018). Evaluating the uses and environmental characteristics of 40 public parks and squares in Barcelona by means of systematic observation/Evaluación de los usos y características ambientales de 40 parques y plazas en Barcelona mediante observación sistemática. Psyecology, 9(2), 118-151. https://doi.org/10.1080/21711976.2018.1432525
  • Wahl, H. W., y Weisman, G. D. (2003). Environmental gerontology at the beginning of the new millennium: Reflections on its historical, empirical, and theoretical development. The Gerontologist, 43(5), 616-627. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/43.5.616
  • World Health Organization. (2002). Active ageing: A policy framework (No. WHO/NMH/NPH/02.8). World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization (2018). La Red Mundial de Ciudades y Comunidades Adaptadas a las Personas Mayores: Revisar el último decenio y mirar con optimismo hacia el siguiente (No. WHO/FWC/ALC/18.4). Ginebra: Organización Mundial de la Salud.
  • Zapata, O., y Honey-Rosés, J. (2022). The Behavioral Response to Increased Pedestrian and Staying Activity in Public Space: A Field Experiment. Environment and Behavior, 54(1), 36-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916520